The results indicated that the moisture content and the numbers of high luminance areas in the images accurately predicted the perception of moisture, suggesting that the detection of visual moisture was highly accurate, and the optical information served as an essential perceptual cue for detecting moisture. Furthermore, to examine the BIS responses, the participants rated the strength of disgust evoked by the stimuli, their motivation to avoid touching the stimuli, and the estimated magnitude of the risk of contamination by physical contact with the stimuli. In Experiment 2, the participants (n = 15) completed pairwise comparisons based on the perceived moistness of the images. In Experiment 1, the images were randomly presented on a computer display, and the participants (n = 22) were asked to rank the images in the order of the visually perceived moisture content. The amount of moisture shown in the images was increased in eight steps, from 28.6 to 42.9% of the total weight of the dough. In two experiments, we presented eight images of dough that contained different amounts of moisture as experimental stimuli. We assumed that the number of high luminance areas in a visual image provided optical information that would enable the visual perception of moisture. We conducted two experiments to examine the psychophysical basis of moisture perception and clarify the relationship between the perception of moisture and the BIS. Therefore, moisture could be a target for detecting contamination cues by the BIS. Former studies have indicated that moisture has a disgusting property. The behavioral immune system (BIS) includes perceptual mechanisms for detecting cues of contamination.
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